I. Jonczy
str.38
Key words: metallurgical slag, chemical composition, heavy metals, environmental protection
Characteristics
of selected heavy metals present in the highly weathered steelmaking
slag and slag after zinc and lead production was presented in the
article. It was done by analysis of geochemical properties of metals,
analysis of their content in the studied slags and their relationships
with the components of the slags. On this basis, it was found that
despite the long storage of slags on dumps, metals are still present in
their chemical composition. Processes of slow releases and migration of
heavy metals are especially expected in relation to the Zn–Pb slags,
what is facilitated by the presence of sulfur in their chemical
composition. In steelmaking slags a significant concentrations of
calcium affects the behavior of the slags alkaline properties, what
inhibits the process of metals release. An important issue is form of
metals occurrence in the slags. The easiest migration of heavy metals is
from glaze, which is one of the most vulnerable waste components to
weathering processes. The hardest release of metals takes place from
silicate phase, in which they form substitution in the internal
structures.
PROCESSING
HEAVY METALS IN STRONGLY WEATHERED STEELMAKING SLAGS AND SLAGS AFTER Zn–Pb ORES
Metale ciężkie w silnie zwietrzałych żużlach stalowniczych oraz żużlach po przeróbce rud Zn–Pb
R.
Świetlik, M. Strzelecka
str.
31
Key words: road transport, traffic emission, chromium, zinc, copper, nickel, lead
In
this work the methodology for evaluation of metal emissions from motor
traffic has been applied to carry out a a comparative assessment of
heavy metals emission intensity on main national transit roads. The road
sections involved were characterized by a traffic flow of 10,000
veh.·d–1 to 70,000 veh.·d–1 and a diverse motor traffic structure. The
data obtained made it possible to determine the importance of the basic
processes responsible for emission of metals from means of transport,
including brake wear, tire wear, road abrasion and fuel combustion. The
emission intensity values were also used to evaluate a potential
exposure of the soil adjacent to transit roads to heavy metals
contamination. The analysis indicated a danger of permanent copper
contamination of the areas alongside motorways and dual carriageways.
ON MAIN NATIONAL ROADS
EVALUATION OF EMISSION INTENSITY OF HEAVY METALS FROM MOTOR TRAFFIC
na głównych drogach krajowych
Ocena natężenia emisji metali ciężkich z ruchu samochodowego
K.
Kubiak–Wójcicka, I. Lewandowska
str. 25
Key words: lake surface area change, Gąsawka, Struga Foluska, upper Noteć, proposed Pałucki Landscape Park
On
the basis of cartographic materials released in various periods
(1889–1890, 1975 and 2010) covering the area of the proposed Pałucki
Landscape Park, it has been proven that there is a general shrink trend
in lakes. Total loss of lake surface area between 1890 and 2010 was
4.15%, or 7% between 1890 and 1975. These values are much smaller than
those calculated for the entire Wielkopolsko–Kujawski Lakeland, due to
the location of the lakes within the subglacial channels. Decrease or
growth of individual lakes’ surface area depends on the characteristics
of the lake, its morphometric parameters and human activity (irrigation
works, lake damming). Assuming that the current trend will be sustained
at the unfavourable level of 7% over 85 years, the total disappearance
of lakes within the planned landscape park will take place in 1200
years, which is over 2 times more than the whole Wielkopolsko–Kujawski
Lakeland.
Changes of the lakes area in the Proposed Pałucki Landscape Park
Zmiany powierzchni jezior na terenie projektowanego Pałuckiego Parku Krajobrazowego
R.
Staniszewski
str. 19
Key words: brown coal, mine waters, macrophytes, biodiversity, open–pit mine
Mine
waters are perceived as a one of the most dangerous waste waters and
their role in environment will increase. In case of open–pit mines mine
water drainage is necessary and cause cone of depression and water
quality changes in surrounding rivers. Aim of studies was evaluation of
changes of macrophyte biodiversity in watercourses affected by mine
waters pressure. Four discharges from mines were studied, as like
Tomisławice – two discharges, Bełchatów and Drzewce. In each location
three sites were examined. Upper sites were situated 50 metres above
mine waters discharge, lower sites were situated 100 and 1000 metres
below discharge. Data for calculation of biodiversity indices were
collected in the same places as water samples. In general, impact of
mine waters from brown coal mining caused decrease of biodiversity but
it was not statistically significant. In Noteć River the statistical
analyses showed differences between river sites accepting turbid mine
waters and others. Significant impact of water transparency and
chlorides on macrophyte biodiversity indices was found.
THE IMPACT OF BROWN COAL MINE WATERS ON THE CHANGES OF MACROPHYTES BIODIVERSITY
Wpływ wód kopalnianych z odkrywek węgla brunatnego na zmiany różnorodności biologicznej makrofitów
J.
Sztubecki, M. Sztubecka, A. Bujarkiewicz
str. 13
Key words: Geographic Information Systems, green area, environmental management, database
Areas
protected by law or green areas in cities are characterized a different
arrangement of space. Forestation and bushes for this type of urban
areas, often under conservation protection, need to carry out periodic
maintenance works and revitalization . The article presents the use of
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the creation of databases of
selected green areas. The resulting bases are the facilitate management
of this type of areas. They allow to accumulate, warehouse, update,
maintain and use all information. They provide a basic action in the
architectural planning of measures, which can be a contribution to
better space management. The complexity of such areas requires
appropriate action creating this type of database. Presented base
selected urban parks in Bydgoszcz and the area of nature–tourism in
the Tucholski Landscape Park and the analyzes show the validity of this
type of studies.
The green areas are one of the important components
of the natural environment and cultural heritage. Since ancient times,
been regarded as an essential component of living environment, improving
living conditions. Their location and size is an important factor in
determining the quality of rest.
THE USAGE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN MANAGEMENT OF GREEN AREAS
Zastosowanie Systemów Informacji Geograficznej w zarządzaniu przestrzenią terenów zielonych
T.
Joniak
str. 8
Key words: optical features of water, water recreation, without–flow lakes, water quality management, urban agglomeration
The
optical characteristics of water may be used as indicators of the lakes
water quality and their recreational usability. It is a confirmed by
the use in the water quality classification such universal parameters as
chlorophyll a and transparency. Values of physical–chemical and
biological parameters which form the optical properties of water are
dependent on the trophic state and pollution. This study was carried out
in 8 without–flow lakes located in and around the Poznań agglomeration.
Lakes and reservoirs in urban areas and suburban areas are of
particular objects in terms of landscape, as well as utility. In this
case problems of water management is more difficult due of large variety
the negative pressures as well as the unpredictability their temporal
and spatial variability. Hydrological isolation of without–flow lakes
creates theoretically conditions of smaller exposure to pollution and
degradation. However, when the water pollution occurred the possibility
of natural elimination the negative environmental effects for lake is
radically reduced as well as natural regeneration of ecosystem.
OPTICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER AS A TOOL THE ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND RECREATIONAL SUITABILITY OF LAKES
Charakterystyki optyczne wody jako narzędzia oceny potencjału rekreacyjnego i jakości wód jezior
K.
Szopińska, J. Kwiecień
str. 3
Key words: strategic noise map, anthropogenic noise, noise nuisance, forest area, Bydgoszcz city
The
paper presents a study on the impact of anthropogenic noise on the
woodland resource used SNM of Bydgoszcz city. Posted fragments map show
the long–term average level of traffic noise, rail and tram deducted for
the indicator LDWN. Objective of the study was the city park – Forest
Park of Culture and Leisure in Bydgoszcz named “Myślęcinek” and legally
protected areas, including Landscape Park of the Lower Vistula Valley.
The results stated in the research show that the most troublesome source
of anthropogenic noise is a linear source of noise generated mainly by
road and rail.
Due to the fact that noise nuisance can significantly
affect the functioning of forest ecosystems in the study investigated
the effect of anthropogenic noise from urban areas to the quality of the
acoustic climate of forest resource use strategic noise map (SNM).
OF FOREST AREAS
STRATEGIC NOISE MAP AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT anthropogenic noise
Strategiczna mapa akustyczna jako źródło informacji o hałasie antropogenicznym terenów leśnych