EiT 1_2014
Streszczenia
Preferowane kategorie turystów w gospodarstwach agroturystycznych
województwa kujawskopomorskiego
PREFERRED CATEGORIES OF TOURISTS IN THE AGRITOURISM FARMS
KUJAWSKO–POMORSKIE PROVINCE
Agritourism farms Kuyavian–Pomeranian village prefer tourists of the
older age group (80.5%). Analysis showed that seniors are the most
desirable group of consumers, next to families with children (79.8%),
people who care about a wide range of ecology (79.8%) and people who are
organized in social groups – fishermen, mushroom collectors or
representing associations (79.8%). A large percentage of respondents are
ready to accept in their rural farms people practicing active tourism
(sport) and lovers of different forms of active recreation (72.7%).
Owners of farms who organize events for companies (21.4%) and for
disabled tourists (21.4%) are noticed as well. The agritourism farms
offer is addressed for an average of 4.7 category guests. In 18 (5.8%)
households was noted that it is not possible to meet the needs of a
larger group of customers. They form agritourism product directed only
to one recipient. Very rarely the category of the youngest guests
(children and youth) was indicated, for whom an interesting package of
educational and recreational is needed.
Key words: agritourism farm, category tourists, agritourism product
J. Cichowska str. 3
Usuwanie ubocznych produktów utleniania i dezynfekcji wody REMOVAL OF OXIDATION AND DISINFECTION BY–PRODUCTS OF WATER The paper presents a literature review for the disposal of oxidation and disinfection by–products of water. Reduction of the pollution amount caused by the presence of naturally occurring organic matter (NOM) in water and microorganisms is one of the fundamental objectives of treatment. The presence of NOM has a direct impact on the taste, smell and colour of water. It leads to an increased demand for coagulants and disinfectants and higher consumption of chlorine in the water supply system. It may be the reason of water secondary pollution in the distribution network. In recent years, numerous studies are conducted in order to remove by–products of the oxidation / disinfection. New technologies involve changes to the conditions for classical processes, the introduction of new types of coagulant and chemical reagents. Greater attention is devoted to advanced oxidation processes, physical disinfection, ion–exchange on selective resins or pressure–driven membrane processes. In the disinfection a better solution is to use ultraviolet radiation. The problem is, however, insufficient water supply protection against secondary microbiological growth. Key words: natural organic matter (NOM), disinfection by–products (DBP), oxidation by–products (OBP), advanced oxidation process, ion–exchange, pressure–driven membrane processes A. Nowacka, M. Włodarczyk–Makuła str. 11
Wpływ nawożenia popiołem ze słomy jęczmienia, pszenicy i rzepaku na zawartość manganu i żelaza w glebie lekkiej EFFECT OF BARLEY, WHEAT AND RAPE STRAW ASH ON THE MANGANESE AND IRON CONTENT IN SANDY SOIL The cereal crops and oilseed rape straw combustion ash can be used for soil fertilisation since it is a source of macro– and microelements easily available to plants. A high rate of ash significantly increased the total content of manganese and iron and their DTPA–extractable forms in soil. The content of phyto–available forms of manganese and iron in the soils analysed was optimal for the adequate plant development. The application of a few tons of straw ash per hectare of sandy soil reduces its acidity effectively. Key words: straw ash, sandy soil, manganese, iron M. Piekarczyk, M. Kobierski, K. Kotwica, P. M. Szulc str. 18
Rola badań mineralogicznych żużli stalowniczych w aspekcie ich wtórnego zagospodarowania ROLE OF MINERALOGICAL RESEARCH OF STEEL SLAGS IN THE ASPECT OF THEIR SECONDARY UTILIZATION On the basis of selected research methods there was characterized the phase composition of iron slags coming from the current output of a converter furnace in one of Polish steelworks. Selected oxide and silicate phases of slags were described, paying special attention to their solid solutions. Their internal structure was compared to the structure of minerals crystallizing in natural conditions. The presence of phases from the following groups was established among silicates: dicalcium silicate, melilites, pyroxenes and olivines. Oxide phases were represented by: wustite, magnetite, mayenite and a solid solution brownmillerite–srebrodolskite A significant portion/amount of amorphous phase was established in all studied slags samples. It was stated that mineralogical studies of slags may be helpful while making a decision on their economic application. On their basis much important information may be gained, e.g. occurrence forms of individual elements and their relations to phase components occurring in slags. Those studies also allow to determine differences in morphology and internal structure of individual phases which influence application properties of slags. Slags rich in hydraulically active components (among others calcium silicates) give a prospect of their application as an additive in production of some types of concrete. Key words: steel slag, mineralogy, phase composition, X–ray diffraction, unit cell I. Jonczy, J. Podwórny str. 24
Spektrofotometryczne oznaczanie stężenia poli(chlorku diallilodimetyloamonowego) metodą Bradford SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF POLY(DIALLILDIMETHYLAMMONIUM) CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION BY MEANS OF THE BRADFORD METHOD The paper concerns application of spectrophotometric protein assay method (known as the Bradford method) to quantitative determination of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride in aqueous solutions. The absorbance spectrum of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G–250 dye has broad peak in the range from 570 to 630 nm. The absorbance of analytical samples gives rise up to the poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride concentration equal 0,042 mM(mer). The calibration plot is described by means of a third power equation. The calibration plot may be linearized in the concentration range from 0 to 0,035 mM(mer). However the linearization results in accuracy decrease. Key words: PDDA, PDADMAC, flocculants, Comassie Brilliant Blue G–250 K. Żelazko, A. Shyichuk, D. Ziółkowska str. 33